Significance
“Results are where the findings and outcomes of the research go. When talking about this data, we can think of the results as having two parts: report and comment. The reporting function always appears in the results section while the comment function can go in the discussion section. Make sure all tables and figures are labeled and numbered separately. Captions go above the tables and beneath figures.” (IMRAD Cheat Sheet, R)
Here, on the IMRAD Cheat Sheet, it outlines where scientific authors have to put the significance of their research. It is emphasized here the significance of talking and reporting data properly, as well as states how to do it properly and effectively.
Practices (activities)
“This longitudinal case study used a variety of methods and data sources to track Eliza’s developing rhetorical understanding of scientific texts and other scientific acts.” (Haas, 50)
This passage tells us an overview of what study Haas was conducting. Her study of scientific practices was, in fact, following the same outline as a scientist would use when reporting their studies, showing that Haas not only studied it, but knows how to write like a scientist.
Identities
“Possibly due to the emphasis in this class on authorial conversations, Eliza seemed to view the texts that she read for her English class less as a source of information to extract and more of a place in which someone says something That someone did not usually have an identity nor a motive, although “he” did have a gender: All references to authors used the masculine pronoun, even though some of the texts were written by women.” (Haas 60)
In this passage, we see Eliza’s views on the identity of the author, that he had little more than a gender. In Eliza’s eyes, the author doesn’t have much of an opinion or goal, their only identity being that to bring information to the reader.
Relationships
“Qualitative case study methods were used to track Eliza through her 4 years of college, and attempts were made to triangulate data sources. Figure 1 shows types and amounts of data collected. Interviews were supplemented with the examination of artifacts, reading/writing longs kept by Eliza, observations by the researcher of classes and reading sessions, and the collection of several read-and-think-aloud protocols.”
This passage shows how Haas connected different sources of information and research into her own study of Eliza and her scientific progression through the years that she was in the study.
Connections
“It indicates a pattern or format rather than a complete list of headings or components of research papers; the missing parts of a paper are: Title, Authors, Keywords, Abstract, Conclusions, and References. Additionally, some papers include Acknowledgments and Appendices.” (Nair and Nair, 13)
This shows the sections not specified in the IMRAD outline, but they are important anyways. It shows that, in all science research papers, they have references to other works, researchers, or scientists. There may be additional sources, like acknowledgments and appendices, but all of them have to have references.
Sign Systems & Knowledge
“Results are where the findings and outcomes of the research go. When talking about this data, we can think of the results as having two parts: report and comment. The reporting function always appears in the results section while the comment function can go in the discussion section. Make sure all tables and figures are labeled and numbered separately. Captions go above the tables and beneath figures.” (IMRAD Cheat Sheet, R)
This passage shows us that figures are very important in showing the results of research, as well as conclusions that come from the data gained. They show knowledge gained in a structured format, easier to understand than written out in paragraphs.
ENG110J
